Zhou Sigen graduated from the Department of Geographical Science at East China Normal University and obtained his Master's degree in Management from Shanghai Jiao Tong University.

From January 2016 to December 2017, he served as Special Assistant to the President of the Shanghai Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. From December 2017 to April 2019, he held the position of Secretary of the Disciplinary Committee at the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

From April 2019 to May 2024, he worked as Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee and Secretary of the Disciplinary Committee at the Innovation Academy for Microsatellites, Chinese Academy of Sciences. From May 2024 to January 2025, he served as Secretary of the Disciplinary Committee at the Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Since January 2025, he has been serving as Vice President of the Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences.